SpringCloud第十六章SpringCloudSleuth分布式请求链路跟踪

一、概述

1、为什么会出现这个技术?需要解决哪些问题?

问题 在微服务框架中,一个由客户端发起的请求在后端系统中会经过多个不同的的服务节点调用来协同产生最后的请求结果,每一个前段请求都会形成一条复杂的分布式服务调用链路,链路中的任何一环出现高延时或错误都会引起整个请求最后的失败。 在这里插入图片描述 在这里插入图片描述

2、是什么

Spring Cloud Sleuth提供了一套完整的服务跟踪的解决方案

在分布式系统中提供追踪解决方案并且兼容支持了zipkin

3、解决

在这里插入图片描述

二、搭建链路监控步骤

1、zipkin

1、 下载

1、SpringCloud从F版起已不需要自己构建Zipkin Server了,只需调用jar包即可 2、 3、zipkin-server-2.12.9-exec.jar

2、运行jar

java -jar zipkin-server-2.12.9-exec.jar

3、运行控制台

http://localhost:9411/zipkin/

术语

1、完整的调用链路

表示一请求链路,一条链路通过Trace Id唯一标识,Span标识发起的请求信息,各span通过parent id 关联起来 在这里插入图片描述

2、上图what

一条链路通过Trace Id唯一标识,Span标识发起的请求信息,各span通过parent id 关联起来 在这里插入图片描述 在这里插入图片描述

3、名词解释

Trace:类似于树结构的Span集合,表示一条调用链路,存在唯一标识

span:表示调用链路来源,通俗的理解span就是一次请求信息

2、服务提供者

1、找到cloud-provider-payment8001 2、POM

<!--包含了sleuth+zipkin-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zipkin</artifactId>
        </dependency>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId>
        <groupId>org.example</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-provider-payment8001</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <!--包含了sleuth+zipkin-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zipkin</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--eureka-client-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--引入自己定义的api通用包,可以使用Payment支付Entity -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.example</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.10</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--mysql-connector-java-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--jdbc-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- devtools热部署-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

3、YML

zipkin:
    base-url: http://localhost:9411
  sleuth:
    sampler:
      #采样率值介于 0 到 1 之间,1 则表示全部采集
      probability: 1
server:
  port: 8001

spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-payment-service
  zipkin:
    base-url: http://localhost:9411
  sleuth:
    sampler:
      #采样率值介于 0 到 1 之间,1 则表示全部采集
      probability: 1

  datasource:
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource            # 当前数据源操作类型
    driver-class-name: org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver              # mysql驱动包
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db2019?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false
    username: root
    password: root

eureka:
  client:
    #表示是否将自己注册进EurekaServer默认为true。
    register-with-eureka: true
    #是否从EurekaServer抓取已有的注册信息,默认为true。单节点无所谓,集群必须设置为true才能配合ribbon使用负载均衡
    fetchRegistry: true
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka  #单机版
#       defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka  # 集群版
  instance:
    instance-id: payment8001 #主机名称:服务名称修改
    prefer-ip-address: true     #访问路径可以显示IP地址
    #心跳检测与续约时间
    #开发时设置小些,保证服务关闭后注册中心能即使剔除服务
    #Eureka客户端向服务端发送心跳的时间间隔,单位为秒(默认是30秒)
    lease-renewal-interval-in-seconds: 1
    #Eureka服务端在收到最后一次心跳后等待时间上限,单位为秒(默认是90秒),超时将剔除服务
    lease-expiration-duration-in-seconds: 2

mybatis:
  mapperLocations: classpath:mapper/*.xml
  type-aliases-package: com.atguigu.springcloud.entities    # 所有Entity别名类所在包



4、业务类PaymentController

@GetMapping("/payment/zipkin")
public String paymentZipkin()
{
    return "hi ,i'am paymentzipkin server fall back,welcome to atguigu,O(∩_∩)O哈哈~";
}
package com.atguigu.springcloud.controller;

/**
 * @author String-int
 * @create 2022-04-25 1:02
 */

import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.service.PaymentService;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.ServiceInstance;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.DiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class PaymentController {
    @Resource
    private PaymentService paymentService;

    @Value("${server.port}")
    private String serverPort;

    @Resource //服务发现接口
    private DiscoveryClient discoveryClient;

    //    http://localhost:8001/payment/create?serial=为什么加@RequestBody不行
    @PostMapping(value = "/payment/create")
    public CommonResult create(@RequestBody Payment payment) {
        int result = paymentService.create(payment);
        log.info("*****插入操作返回结果:" + result);

        if (result > 0) {
            return new CommonResult(200, "插入数据库成功,serverPort:" + serverPort, result);
        } else {
            return new CommonResult(444, "插入数据库失败,serverPort:" + serverPort, null);
        }
    }

    //   http://localhost:8001/payment/get/1
    @GetMapping(value = "/payment/get/{id}")
    public CommonResult<Payment> getPaymentById(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
        Payment payment = paymentService.getPaymentById(id);
        log.info("*****查询结果:{}", payment);
        if (payment != null) {
            return new CommonResult(200, "查询成功,serverPort:" + serverPort, payment);
        } else {
            return new CommonResult(444, "没有对应记录,查询ID: " + id + ",serverPort:" + serverPort, null);
        }
    }

    @GetMapping(value = "/payment/discovery")
    public Object discovery() {
        //获取服务列表
        List<String> services = discoveryClient.getServices();
        for (String element : services) {
            log.info("************element:"+element);
        }

        //获取某服务的详细信息,服务id、服务主机Host,服务端口port,服务地址Url
        List<ServiceInstance> instances = discoveryClient.getInstances("CLOUD-PAYMENT-SERVICE");
        for (ServiceInstance element : instances) {
            log.info(element.getServiceId() + "\t" + element.getHost() + "\t" + element.getPort() + "\t"
                    + element.getUri());
        }
        return this.discoveryClient;
    }

    //********************加入这个,返回服务端口
    @GetMapping(value = "/payment/lb")
    public String getPaymentLB()
    {
        return serverPort;
    }


    @GetMapping(value = "/payment/feign/timeout")
    public String paymentFeignTimeOut()
    {
        System.out.println("*****paymentFeignTimeOut from port: "+serverPort);
        //暂停几秒钟线程
        try { TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(3); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }
        return serverPort;
    }


    @GetMapping("/payment/zipkin")
    public String paymentZipkin()
    {
        return "hi ,i'am paymentzipkin server fall back,welcome to atguigu,O(∩_∩)O哈哈~";
    }
}

3、服务消费者(调用方)

1、找到cloud-consumer-order80 2、POM

<!--包含了sleuth+zipkin-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zipkin</artifactId>
        </dependency>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId>
        <groupId>org.example</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-consumer-order80</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <!--包含了sleuth+zipkin-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zipkin</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--eureka-client-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--引入自己定义的api通用包,可以使用Payment支付Entity -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.example</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

3、YML

zipkin:
    base-url: http://localhost:9411
  sleuth:
    sampler:
      probability: 1
server:
  port: 80

spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-order-service
  zipkin:
    base-url: http://localhost:9411
  sleuth:
    sampler:
      probability: 1

eureka:
  client:
    #表示是否将自己注册进EurekaServer默认为true。
    register-with-eureka: true
    #是否从EurekaServer抓取已有的注册信息,默认为true。单节点无所谓,集群必须设置为true才能配合ribbon使用负载均衡
    fetchRegistry: true
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/eureka #单机版
#       defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka  # 集群版

4、业务类OrderController

// ====================> zipkin+sleuth
@GetMapping("/consumer/payment/zipkin")
public String paymentZipkin()
{
    String result = restTemplate.getForObject("http://localhost:8001"+"/payment/zipkin/", String.class);
    return result;
}
package com.atguigu.springcloud.controller;

/**
 * @author String-int
 * @create 2022-04-25 3:25
 */

import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import com.atguigu.springcloud.lb.LoadBalancer;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.ServiceInstance;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.DiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.net.URI;
import java.util.List;

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class OrderController {

//    public static final String PaymentSrv_URL = "http://localhost:8001";
    public static final String PaymentSrv_URL = "http://CLOUD-PAYMENT-SERVICE";

    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    //可以获取注册中心上的服务列表
    @Resource
    private DiscoveryClient discoveryClient;

    @Resource
    private LoadBalancer loadBalancer;

    @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/create")//客户端用浏览器是get请求,但是底层实质发送post调用服务端8001
    public CommonResult create(Payment payment) {
//        return restTemplate.postForObject(PaymentSrv_URL + "/payment/create", payment, CommonResult.class);

        return restTemplate.postForEntity(PaymentSrv_URL + "/payment/create", payment, CommonResult.class).getBody();
    }

//http://localhost/consumer/payment/get/1
    @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/get/{id}")
    public CommonResult getPayment(@PathVariable Long id) {
        return restTemplate.getForObject(PaymentSrv_URL + "/payment/get/" + id, CommonResult.class, id);
    }

    //http://localhost/consumer/payment/getForEntity/1
    @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/getForEntity/{id}")
    public CommonResult getPayment2(@PathVariable Long id) {
        ResponseEntity<CommonResult> entity=restTemplate.getForEntity(PaymentSrv_URL + "/payment/get/" + id, CommonResult.class, id);

        if (entity.getStatusCode().is2xxSuccessful()) {
            log.info(entity.getStatusCode()+"\t"+entity.getHeaders());
            return entity.getBody();
        }else {
            return new CommonResult<>(444,"操作失败");
        }
    }



    //****这里**********
    @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/lb")
    public String getPaymentLB()
    {
        List<ServiceInstance> instances = discoveryClient.getInstances("CLOUD-PAYMENT-SERVICE");

        if(instances == null || instances.size()<=0) {
            return null;
        }
        ServiceInstance serviceInstance = loadBalancer.instances(instances);
        URI uri = serviceInstance.getUri();

        return restTemplate.getForObject(uri+"/payment/lb",String.class);
    }

    // ====================> zipkin+sleuth
    @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/zipkin")
    public String paymentZipkin()
    {
        String result = restTemplate.getForObject("http://localhost:8001"+"/payment/zipkin/", String.class);
        return result;
    }

}




4、依次启动eureka7001/8001/80

80调用8001几次测试下 http://localhost/consumer/payment/zipkin

5、打开浏览器访问:http://localhost:9411

1、会出现以下界面 在这里插入图片描述

查看 在这里插入图片描述

2、查看依赖关系 在这里插入图片描述 在这里插入图片描述

3、原理

在这里插入图片描述

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